Herbal Medicine Additives as Powerful Agents to Control and Prevent Avian Influenza Virus in Poultry – A Review

Author:

Gado Ahmed R.1,Ellakany Hany F.1,Elbestawy Ahmed R.1,Abd El-Hack Mohamed E.2,Khafaga Asmaa F.3,Taha Ayman E.4,Arif Muhammad5,Mahgoub Samir A.6

Affiliation:

1. Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Damanhour University , Egypt

2. Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture , Zagazig University , Zagazig 44511, Egypt

3. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Alexandria University , Edfina 22758, Egypt

4. Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Alexandria University , Edfina 22578, Egypt

5. Department of Animal Sciences , College of Agriculture , University of Sargodha , 40100 , Pakistan

6. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture , Zagazig University , Zagazig 44111, Egypt

Abstract

Abstract The complicated epidemiological situation of avian influenza viruses (AIV) caused by continuous emergence of new subtypes with failure of eradication, monitoring and vaccination strategies opens the door to alternative solutions to save the status quo and prevent new disasters for the poultry industry. Using of synthetic antiviral drugs such as neuraminidase and hemagglutinin inhibitors has been limited due to development of drug resistance and expensive commercial application. One of the most promising alternatives is herbal products and botanicals. This review presents a comprehensive and specialized view of in vivo studies of herbal plants in poultry species. Many herbal extracts as Nigella sativa oil, Astragalus, Cochinchina momordica and Sargassum pallidum polysaccharides proved very effective as adjuvants for AIV vaccines. Another beneficial role of herbs is enhancement of host response to vaccination with further better prevention of infection and easier control. For enumeration not inventory, this is best achieved with the use of virgin coconut oil, Echinacea purpurea, Ginseng stem-and-leaf saponins (GSLS), Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), Myrtus communis oil, Garlic powder, Turmeric, Thyme and Curcumin. This review aimed to evaluate most of the in vivo studies performed on poultry species as a step and a guide for scientists and field practitioners in establishment of new effective herbal-based drugs for prevention and control of AIV in poultry.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

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