Phyllanthus niruni (Meniran) Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts Promotes Adipogenic Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Abstract

Abstract Consumers determine intramuscular fat as one of the important factors for the quality and palatability of beef meat. In a recent study, Phyllanthus niruri (meniran) has practical uses for feed additives and was screened for their ability to improve preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. This study evaluates the effect of meniran aqueous and ethanol extracts on promoting adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and were investigated via CCK-8 assay, Oil red O-Staining, and RT-PCR analysis. For differentiation to adipocytes, post-confluent 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated DMEM containing 10% FBS, 5 μg/ml insulin, 0.5mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and 1 μM dexamethasone. 3T3-L1 were cultured with meniran aqueous and ethanol extract (25, 50, 100, and 200 ppm). Intracellular lipid accumulation was significantly increased by meniran extract until 100 ppm and decreased at 200 ppm. The expressions of adipocyte differentiation on mRNA transcription factors PPARγ and C/EBPꭤ were stimulated by 25-100 ppm of meniran both aqueous and ethanol extract but lower at 200 ppm. In the future, these findings may be applied to develop feed additives from natural plant extracts which may be used to increase intramuscular fat accumulation in beef cattle through manipulation of adipocyte differentiation.