Common Variants in Lipid Metabolism–Related Genes Associate with Fat Mass Changes in Response to Dietary Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in Adults with Abdominal Obesity

Author:

Hammad Shatha S12,Eck Peter1,Sihag Jyoti12ORCID,Chen Xiang12,Connelly Philip W3,Lamarche Benoît4,Couture Patrick4ORCID,Guay Valérie4,Maltais-Giguère Julie4,West Sheila G5,Kris-Etherton Penny M6,Bowen Kate J6,Jenkins David J A37,Taylor Carla G18,Perera Danielle8,Wilson Angela8,Castillo Sandra1,Zahradka Peter18ORCID,Jones Peter J H12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

2. Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

3. Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

4. Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada

5. Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

6. Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

7. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

8. Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background Different fatty acids (FAs) can vary in their obesogenic effect, and genetic makeup can contribute to fat deposition in response to dietary FA composition. However, the antiobesogenic effects of the interactions between dietary MUFAs and genetics have scarcely been tested in intervention studies. Objective We evaluated the overall (primary outcome) and genetically modulated (secondary outcome) response in body weight and fat mass to different levels of MUFA consumption. Methods In the Canola Oil Multicenter Intervention Trial II, a randomized, crossover, isocaloric, controlled-feeding multicenter trial, 44 men and 71 women with a mean age of 44 y and an increased waist circumference (men ∼108 cm and women ∼102 cm) consumed each of 3 oils for 6 wk, separated by four 12-wk washout periods. Oils included 2 high-MUFA oils—conventional canola and high-oleic canola (<7% SFAs, >65% MUFAs)—and 1 low-MUFA/high-SFA oil blend (40.2% SFAs, 22.0% MUFAs). Body fat was measured using DXA. Five candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using qualitative PCR. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures mixed model. Results No significant differences were observed in adiposity measures following the consumption of either high-MUFA diet compared with the low-MUFA/high-SFA treatment. However, when stratified by genotype, 3 SNPs within lipoprotein lipase (LPL), adiponectin, and apoE genes influenced, separately, fat mass changes in response to treatment (n = 101). Mainly, the LPL rs13702-CC genotype was associated with lower visceral fat (high-MUFA: −216.2 ± 58.6 g; low-MUFA: 17.2 ± 81.1 g; P = 0.017) and android fat mass (high-MUFA: −267.3 ± 76.4 g; low-MUFA: −21.7 ± 102.2 g; P = 0.037) following average consumption of the 2 high-MUFA diets. Conclusions Common variants in LPL, adiponectin, and apoE genes modulated body fat mass response to dietary MUFAs in an isocaloric diet in adults with abdominal obesity. These findings might eventually help in developing personalized dietary recommendations for weight control. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02029833 (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02029833?cond=NCT02029833&rank=1).

Funder

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Canola Council of Canada

Alberta Canola

SaskCanola

Dow Agro Sciences

Manitoba Canola Growers

Canada Research Chair Endowment

National Institutes of Health

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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