Performance of Different Varieties of Spring Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) under Irrigated and Rainfed Environments in North China

Abstract

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the most important pulse crops, and is widely grown in North China. To exploit potential pea varieties suitable for growing in spring planting areas, a set National Regional Trials of Spring Pea Genotype was carried out under irrigated and rainfed environments across seven locations. Grain yield and agronomic traits of fourteen pea cultivars were evaluated. Analysis of variance indicated that the effect of genotype, environments and genotypes × environments interaction was significant (p < 0.01). Results of GGE biplot analysis showed that the first and second principal components accounted for 77.5% and 14.5%, respectively. Genotypes accounted for just 14.7% of the variation in seed yield, while environments accounted for 39.9%, and genotypes × environments interaction accounted for 45.5% of the variation. Investigating the polygon view led to the identification of five superior genotypes and five productivity environments. Superior genotypes and key environments for grain yield were determined using a general linear model. The significant genotypes × environments interaction effects indicated the inconsistent performance of genotypes across the tested environments. Among the tested genotypes, significant differences were observed for grain yield and yield-related traits. The semi-leafless pea variety Longwan 10 was observed the highest yield (3308 kg/ha) over seven locations. Dingwan 12, Dingwan 13, Tongwan 5, Kewan 7 showed higher, stable grain yield than the overall mean of genotypes and check variety Zhongwan 6. The most representative and productivity regions for grain yield of field pea were Yondeng, Qitai, Liaoyang, Dingxi and Tangshan. These findings represent a comprehensive analysis of yield and stability of spring pea varieties and growing locations, which may be useful for national and international pea improvement programs.