Endogenous Losses of Fat and Fatty Acids in Growing Pigs Are Not Affected by Vegetable Oil Sources but by the Method of Estimation

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of oil sources with differing degrees of fatty acid saturation on endogenous losses of fat (ELF) and fatty acids (ELFA) in growing pigs, in which endogenous losses were estimated by two methods. Sixty-eight growing barrows (initial body weight 31.13 ± 4.44 kg) were randomly allotted to a completely randomized design with 17 diets. Sixteen added-oil diets were formulated by adding four levels (2%, 4%, 6% and 8%) of palm oil (PO), soybean oil (SBO), flaxseed oil (FSO) and rapeseed oil (RSO) to a diet poor in fat, respectively. One fat-free diet was formulated from cornstarch, soy protein isolate and sucrose. All diets contained chromic dioxide (0.4%) as an indigestible marker. Results indicated that, according to the regression equations, the amounts of ELF in PO, SBO, FSO and RSO were 6.28, 5.30, 4.17 and 4.84 g/kg of dry matter intake (DMI), respectively. The true total tract digestibility of fat was greater (p < 0.05) for FSO and RSO than for PO, and the ELFA were different from 0 only for C16:0, C18:0 and C18:1 in FSO, and C16:0 and C18:0 in RSO (p < 0.05). The estimated values for ELF and ELFAs in pigs fed PO, SBO, FSO or RSO were not different. The amount of ELF determined by the fat-free diet method was 2.60 g/kg DMI, and the amounts of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 and C18:2 in ELFAs were 0.28, 0.26, 0.03 and 0.02 g/kg DMI, respectively. The fat-free diet method had lower ELF and ELFA values compared with the regression method (p < 0.01). Collectively, dietary vegetable oil sources do not affect estimation of ELF and ELFA, but different evaluation methods lead to varying estimates of endogenous losses in pigs.