1. Professor, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Smart Roadway and Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure Systems, Changsha Univ. of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China (corresponding author).
2. Master’s Student, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha Univ. of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China.
3. Ph.D. Student, School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha Univ. of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China.
4. Professor and Director of Engineering Program, Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Northwestern College, Orange City, IA 51041. ORCID: .
5. Professor, Beijing Key Laboratory for School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang Univ., Beijing 100191, China.