Real-time profiling of reflow process in VPS chamber

Abstract

Purpose This paper aims to present a new method of real-time monitoring of thermal profiles applied in vapour phase soldering (VPS) reflow processes. The thermal profile setting is a significant variable that affects the quality of joints. The method allows rapid achievement of a required thermal profile based on software control that brings new efficiency to the reflow process and enhanced joint quality, especially for power electronics. Design/methodology/approach A real-time monitoring system based on computerized heat control was realized in a newly developed laboratory VPS chamber using a proportional integral derivation controller within the soldering process. The principle lies in the strictly accurate monitoring of the real defined reflow profile as a reference. Findings Very accurate maintenance of the required reflow profile temperature was achieved with high accuracy (± 2°C). The new method of monitoring and control of the reflow real-time profiling was verified at various maximal reflow temperatures (230°C, 240°C and 260°C). The method is feasible for reflowing three-dimensional (3D) power modules that use various types of solders. The real-time monitoring system based on computerised heat control helped to achieve various heights of vapour zone. Originality/value The paper describes construction of a newly developed laboratory-scale VPS chamber, including novel real-time profiling of the reflow process based on intelligent continuously measured temperatures at various horizontal positions. Real-time profiling in the laboratory VPS chamber allowed reflow soldering on 3D power modules (of greater dimensions) by applying various flux-less solder materials.