Physical Restraint of Students with Behavior Disorders in Day Treatment and Residential Settings

Abstract

This study explored administrators’ attitudes about the use of physical restraint in their school settings. Administrators of day treatment and residential programs for elementary students with emotional and behavioral disorders in the Mid-Atlantic states were surveyed on their attitudes toward, and the use of, physical restraint within their programs. Results showed that the use of physical restraint varied widely, ranging from 0 to more than 3 instances per day. About one third of the sample reported between 1 to 3 physical restraints per week. School size was found to be positively correlated with number of restraints. In schools that used physical restraint, more than half employed basket holds and prone restraints, most commonly following physical aggression. Administrators were divided in their opinions about the therapeutic utility of physical restraint, although most stated it was needed to keep schools safe. Recommendations for future research in the area of physical restraint are presented.