Harnessing Landrace Diversity Empowers Wheat Breeding for Climate Resilience
Author:
Cheng ShifengORCID, Feng CongORCID, Wingen Luzie U.ORCID, Cheng HongORCID, Riche Andrew B.ORCID, Jiang MeiORCID, Leverington-Waite Michelle, Huang ZejianORCID, Collier Sarah, Orford SimonORCID, Wang XiaomingORCID, Awal RajaniORCID, Barker GaryORCID, O’Hara TomORCID, Lister ClareORCID, Siluveru AjayORCID, Quiroz-Chávez JesúsORCID, Ramírez-González Ricardo H.ORCID, Bryant RuthORCID, Berry SimonORCID, Bansal UrmilORCID, Bariana Harbans S.ORCID, Bennett Malcolm J.ORCID, Bicego BrenoORCID, Bilham LoreleiORCID, Brown James K.M., Burridge AmandaORCID, Burt Chris, Buurman MilikaORCID, Castle MarchORCID, Chartrain Laetitia, Chen BaizhiORCID, Denbel Worku, Elkot Ahmed F.ORCID, Fenwick Paul, Feuerhelm David, Foulkes JohnORCID, Gaju OorbessyORCID, Gauley AdamORCID, Gaurav KumarORCID, Hafeez Amber N.ORCID, Han RuiruiORCID, Horler RichardORCID, Hou JunliangORCID, Iqbal Muhammad S.ORCID, Kerton Matthew, Kondic-Spica AnkicaORCID, Kowalski Ania, Lage Jacob, Li XiaolongORCID, Liu HongbingORCID, Liu ShiyanORCID, Lovegrove AlisonORCID, Ma LinglingORCID, Mumford CathyORCID, Parmar SarojORCID, Philp Charlie, Playford Darryl, Przewieslik-Allen Alexandra M.ORCID, Sarfraz ZareenORCID, Schafer David, Shewry Peter R.ORCID, Shi YanORCID, Slafer GustavoORCID, Song BaoxingORCID, Song BoORCID, Steele DavidORCID, Steuernagel BurkhardORCID, Tailby Phillip, Tyrrell SimonORCID, Waheed AbdulORCID, Wamalwa Mercy N.ORCID, Wang XingweiORCID, Wei YanpingORCID, Winfield MarkORCID, Wu ShishiORCID, Wu YubingORCID, Wulff Brande B.H.ORCID, Xian WenfeiORCID, Xu YawenORCID, Xu YunfengORCID, Yuan QuanORCID, Zhang XinORCID, Edwards Keith J.ORCID, Dixon LauraORCID, Nicholson PaulORCID, Chayut NoamORCID, Hawkesford Malcolm J.ORCID, Uauy CristobalORCID, Sanders DaleORCID, Huang SanwenORCID, Griffiths SimonORCID
Abstract
AbstractBreeding crops resilient to climate change is urgently needed to help ensure food security. A key challenge is to harness genetic diversity to optimise adaptation, yield, stress resilience and nutrition. We examined the genetic and phenotypic diversity of the A.E. Watkins landrace collection of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), a major global cereal, through whole-genome re-sequencing (827 Watkins landraces and 208 modern cultivars) and in-depth field evaluation spanning a decade. We discovered that modern cultivars are derived from just two of the seven ancestral groups of wheat, leaving five groups as previously untapped sources for breeding. This provides access to landrace-specific functional variations using structured germplasm, genotyping and informatics resources. Employing complementary genetic populations and approaches, we identified thousands of high-resolution quantitative trait loci (QTL) and significant marker–trait associations for major traits, revealing many Watkins-unique loci that can confer superior traits in modern wheat. Furthermore, we identified and functionally verified causative genes for climate-change adaptation, nutritional enhancement and resistance to wheat blast. Finally, we assessed the phenotypic effects of 44,338 Watkins-unique haplotypes, introgressed from 143 prioritised QTL in the context of modern cultivars, bridging the gap between landrace diversity and current breeding. This study establishes a framework for systematically utilising genetic diversity in crop improvement to achieve sustainable food security.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Cited by
2 articles.
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