The effect of zilpaterol hydrochloride on beef producer and processor revenue of calf-fed Holstein steers

Abstract

Abstract A serial harvest was conducted every 28 d from 254 to 534 days on feed (DOF) to quantify changes in growth and composition of calf-fed Holstein steers (n = 110, initial BW = 449.2 ± 19.9 kg). One-half were supplemented the β-2 adrenergic agonist zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH; 8.33 mg/kg 100% DM basis), and the remainder fed a control (CON) ration during the final 20 d followed by a 3 d withdrawal prior to harvest. Cattle were randomly allocated to dietary treatment and harvest endpoint (254, 282, 310, 338, 366, 394, 422, 450, 478, 506, and 534 DOF) using a 2 × 11 factorial treatment structure and a completely randomized experimental design structure. The objective of this ad-hoc investigation was to quantify changes in value across multiple harvest endpoints and marketing strategies for cattle supplemented with ZH. Cattle-fed ZH had increased (P < 0.01) value when sold on a dressed basis (+$82.64) or on a value-based formula (+$75.59) compared with CON cattle. No differences (P ≥ 0.14) were detected between ZH and CON carcasses for premiums and discounts related to HCW, yield grade, or quality grade. Moreover, no differences (P = 0.98) were detected for overall adjusted carcass value between ZH and CON carcasses. Fabrication values revealed that ZH carcasses had greater (P < 0.01) revenue than CON carcasses for primal round (+$36.23), loin (+$38.16), flank (+$8.95), rib (+$16.33), and chuck (+$27.49) regardless of DOF. Increased primal values ultimately led to greater (P < 0.01) processor revenue (+$138.94) and carcass value per 45.4 kg (+$6.45) for cattle-fed ZH compared with CON cattle. Overall, increased carcass weight and improved fabrication yield led to greater revenue at all harvest endpoints for cattle-fed ZH. Linear increases in live and dressed values indicated the daily change in live value was $3.48, which is less than an increase of $3.77 daily for dressed carcass value. Greater beef processor margin and profitability are expected when this growth technology is used.