Pulsating iron spectral features in the emission of X-ray pulsar V 0332+53

Author:

Bykov S D12,Filippova E V2,Gilfanov M R12,Tsygankov S S23ORCID,Lutovinov A A24,Molkov S V2

Affiliation:

1. Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 1, D-85741 Garching b. München, Germany

2. Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya 84/32, 117997 Moscow, Russia

3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland

4. Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya 20, 101000 Moscow, Russia

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present results of phase- and time-resolved study of iron spectral features in the emission of the Be/X-ray transient pulsar V 0332+53 during its type II outburst in 2004 using archival RXTE/PCA data. Coherent pulsations of both fluorescent iron line at ≈6.4 keV and neutral iron K-edge at ≈7.1 keV have been detected throughout the entire outburst. The pulsating iron K-edge is reported for the first time for this object. Near the peak of the outburst, the 3–12 keV pulse profile shows two deep, Fmax/Fmin ∼ 2, and narrow dips of nearly identical shape, separated by exactly Δϕ = 0.5 in phase. The dip spectra are nearly identical to each other and very similar in shape to the spectra outside the dips. The iron K-edge peaks at the phase intervals corresponding to the dips, although its optical depth τK ∼ 0.05 is by far insufficient to explain the dips. The iron line shows pulsations with a complex pulse profile without any obvious correlation with the total flux or optical depth of the K-edge. Accounting for the component associated with reprocessing of the pulsar emission by the surface of the donor star and circumstellar material, we find a very high pulsation amplitude of the iron line flux, Fmax/Fmin ∼ 10. We demonstrate that these properties of V 0332+53 cannot be explained by contemporary emission models for accreting X-ray pulsars and speculate about the origin of the observed iron spectral features.

Funder

Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation

Ludwig Maximilians University Munich

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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