The effect of school intervention programs on the body mass index of adolescents: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Author:

Saavedra Dias R1ORCID,Barros A N2,Silva A J13,Leitão J C13,Narciso J4,Costa Aldo M345,Tallon J M1

Affiliation:

1. University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal

2. Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (CITAB-UTAD), Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal

3. Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal

4. University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês D’Ávila e Bolama, Covilhã 6201-001, Portugal

5. Health Sciences Research Center (CICS-UBI), Covilhã, Portugal

Abstract

Abstract Effective obesity interventions in adolescent populations have been identified as an immediate priority action to stem the increasing prevalence of adult obesity. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to make a quantitative analysis of the impact of school-based interventions on body mass index during adolescence. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science databases. Results were pooled using a random-effects model with 95% confidence interval considered statistically significant. Of the 18 798 possible relevant articles identified, 12 articles were included in this meta-analysis. The global result showed a low magnitude effect, though it was statistically significant (N = 14 428), global e.s. = −0.055, P = 0.004 (95% CI = −0.092, −0.017). Heterogeneity was low among the studies (I2 = 9.017%). The funnel plot showed no evidence of publication bias. The rank-correlation test of Begg (P = 0.45641) and Egger’s regression (P = 0.19459) confirmed the absence of bias. This meta-analysis reported a significant effect favoring the interventions; however, future research are needed since the reported the evidence was of low magnitude, with the studies following a substantial range of approaches and mostly had a modest methodological quality.

Funder

European Regional Development fund

COMPETE 2020—Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization

Foundation for Science and Technology

FCT

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Education

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