Antibodies for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Cure Strategies

Abstract

Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leads to the establishment of a long-lived latent cellular reservoir. One strategy to eliminate quiescent reservoir cells is to reactivate virus replication to induce HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env) expression on the cell surface exposing them to subsequent antibody targeting. Via the interactions between the antibody Fc domain and Fc-γ receptors (FcγRs) that are expressed on innate effector cells, such as natural killer cells, monocytes, and neutrophils, antibodies can mediate the elimination of infected cells. Over the last decade, a multitude of human monoclonal antibodies that are broadly neutralizing across many HIV-1 subtypes have been identified and are currently being explored for HIV eradication strategies. Antibody development also includes novel Fc engineering approaches to increase engagement of effector cells and optimize antireservoir efficacy. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of antibodies for HIV eradication approaches specifically focusing on antibody-mediated strategies to target latently infected cells and options to increase antibody efficacy.