Evaluation of the New York State Mesonet Profiler Network data
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Published:2022-10-20
Issue:20
Volume:15
Page:6011-6033
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ISSN:1867-8548
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Container-title:Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Meas. Tech.
Author:
Shrestha Bhupal,Brotzge Jerald A.,Wang Junhong
Abstract
Abstract. The New York State Mesonet (NYSM) Profiler Network consists of 17
stations statewide. Each station operates a ground-based Doppler lidar (DL), a microwave radiometer (MWR), and an environmental Sky Imaging Radiometer (eSIR) that collectively provide profiles of wind speed and direction, aerosol, temperature, and humidity along with solar radiance, optical depth parameters, and fisheye sky images. This study presents a multi-year, multi-station evaluation of Profiler Network data to determine the robustness and accuracies of the instruments deployed with respect to
well-defined measurements. The wind speed (WS) measured by the DL and
temperature (T) and water vapor density (WVD) measured by the MWR at three
NYSM Profiler Network sites are compared to nearby National Weather Service
radiosonde (RS) data, while the aerosol optical depth (AOD) measured by the
eSIR at two Profiler Network sites are compared to nearby in situ measurements from
the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). The overall comparison results show
agreement between the DL or MWR and RS data with a correlation of R2≥0.89 and a correlation between AERONET and eSIR AOD data of R2 ≥ 0.78. The
WS biases are statistically insignificant and equal to 0
(p > 0.05) within 3 km, whereas T and WVD biases are statistically significant and
are below 5.5 ∘C and 1.0 g m−3, within 10 km. The AOD
biases are also found to be statistically significant and are within 0.02.
The performance of the DL, MWR, and eSIR are consistent across sites with
similar error statistics. When compared during three different weather
conditions, the MWR is found to have varying performance, with T errors
higher during clear-sky days, while WVD errors are higher during cloudy and
precipitation days. To correct such observed biases, a linear regression
method was developed and applied to the MWR data. In addition, wind shear
from the DL and 14 common thermodynamic parameters derived from the MWR show an agreement with RS values where correlation is mostly R2 ≥ 0.70 and biases are mostly statistically insignificant. A case study is presented to demonstrate the applicability of DL and MWR for nowcasting a severe weather event. Overall, this study demonstrates the robustness and value of the Profiler Network for real-time weather operations.
Funder
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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