Stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing simulated by the chemistry climate model EMAC using Aerosol CCI satellite data
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Published:2018-09-06
Issue:17
Volume:18
Page:12845-12857
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ISSN:1680-7324
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Container-title:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmos. Chem. Phys.
Author:
Brühl Christoph, Schallock Jennifer, Klingmüller KlausORCID, Robert CharlesORCID, Bingen Christine, Clarisse LievenORCID, Heckel Andreas, North Peter, Rieger LandonORCID
Abstract
Abstract. This paper presents decadal simulations of stratospheric and tropospheric
aerosol and its radiative effects by the chemistry general circulation model
EMAC constrained with satellite observations in the framework of the ESA
Aerosol CCI project such as GOMOS (Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of
Stars) and (A)ATSR ((Advanced) Along Track Scanning Radiometer) on the
ENVISAT (European Environmental Satellite), IASI (Infrared Atmospheric
Sounding Interferometer) on MetOp (Meteorological Operational Satellite),
and, additionally, OSIRIS (Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System).
In contrast to most other studies, the extinctions and optical depths from
the model are compared to the observations at the original wavelengths of the
satellite instruments covering the range from the UV (ultraviolet) to
terrestrial IR (infrared). This avoids conversion artifacts and provides
additional constraints for model aerosol and interpretation of the
observations. MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) SO2 limb
measurements are used to identify plumes of more than 200 volcanic eruptions.
These three-dimensional SO2 plumes are added to the model SO2 at the
eruption times. The interannual variability in aerosol extinction in the
lower stratosphere, and of stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing at the
tropopause, is dominated by the volcanoes. To explain the seasonal cycle of
the GOMOS and OSIRIS observations, desert dust simulated by a new approach
and transported to the lowermost stratosphere by the Asian summer monsoon and
tropical convection turns out to be essential. This also applies to the
radiative heating by aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere. The existence of
wet dust aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere is indicated by the patterns
of the wavelength dependence of extinction in observations and simulations.
Additional comparison with (A)ATSR total aerosol optical depth at different
wavelengths and IASI dust optical depth demonstrates that the model is able
to represent stratospheric as well as tropospheric aerosol consistently.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Subject
Atmospheric Science
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