The Saharan Aerosol Long-Range Transport and Aerosol–Cloud-Interaction Experiment: Overview and Selected Highlights

Author:

Weinzierl Bernadett1,Ansmann A.2,Prospero J. M.3,Althausen D.2,Benker N.4,Chouza F.5,Dollner M.6,Farrell D.7,Fomba W. K.2,Freudenthaler V.8,Gasteiger J.6,Groß S.5,Haarig M.2,Heinold B.2,Kandler K.4,Kristensen T. B.2,Mayol-Bracero O. L.9,Müller T.2,Reitebuch O.5,Sauer D.5,Schäfler A.5,Schepanski K.2,Spanu A.1,Tegen I.2,Toledano C.10,Walser A.11

Affiliation:

1. Universität Wien (UNIVIE), Fakultät für Physik, Aerosolphysik und Umweltphysik, Wien, Austria, and Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany

2. Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig, Germany

3. University of Miami, Miami, Florida

4. Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

5. Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany

6. Universität Wien (UNIVIE), Fakultät für Physik, Aerosolphysik und Umweltphysik, Wien, Austria, and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Meteorologisches Institut, München, Germany

7. Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology (CIMH), Bridgetown, Barbados

8. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Meteorologisches Institut, München, Germany

9. Department of Environmental Science, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico

10. Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain

11. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Meteorologisches Institut, München, and Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany

Abstract

Abstract North Africa is the world’s largest source of dust, a large part of which is transported across the Atlantic to the Caribbean and beyond where it can impact radiation and clouds. Many aspects of this transport and its climate effects remain speculative. The Saharan Aerosol Long-Range Transport and Aerosol–Cloud-Interaction Experiment (SALTRACE; www.pa.op.dlr.de/saltrace) linked ground-based and airborne measurements with remote sensing and modeling techniques to address these issues in a program that took place in 2013/14. Specific objectives were to 1) characterize the chemical, microphysical, and optical properties of dust in the Caribbean, 2) quantify the impact of physical and chemical changes (“aging”) on the radiation budget and cloud microphysical processes, 3) investigate the meteorological context of transatlantic dust transport, and 4) assess the roles of removal processes during transport. SALTRACE was a German-led initiative involving scientists from Europe, Cabo Verde, the Caribbean, and the United States. The Falcon research aircraft of the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), equipped with a comprehensive aerosol and wind lidar payload, played a central role. Several major dust outbreaks were studied with 86 h of flight time under different conditions, making it by far the most extensive investigation on long-range transported dust ever made. This article presents an overview of SALTRACE and highlights selected results including data from transatlantic flights in coherent air masses separated by more than 4,000-km distance that enabled measurements of transport effects on dust properties. SALTRACE will improve our knowledge on the role of mineral dust in the climate system and provide data for studies on dust interactions with clouds, radiation, and health.

Publisher

American Meteorological Society

Subject

Atmospheric Science

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3