Affiliation:
1. Harvard AIDS Institute and Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C is responsible for more than 56% of all infections in the HIV and AIDS pandemic. It is the predominant subtype in the rapidly expanding epidemic in southern Africa. To develop a relevant model that would facilitate studies of transmission, pathogenesis, and vaccine development for this subtype, we generated SHIV
MJ4
, a simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) chimera based on HIV-1 subtype C. SHIV
MJ4
contains the majority of
env
, the entire second exon of
tat
, and a partial sequence of the second exon of
rev
, all derived from a CCR5-tropic, primary isolate envelope clone from southern Africa. SHIV
MJ4
replicated efficiently in human, rhesus, and pig-tailed macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro but not in CEMx174 cells. To assess in vivo infectivity, SHIV
MJ4
was intravenously inoculated into four rhesus macaques (
Macaca mulatta
). All four animals became infected as determined through virus isolation, PCR analysis, and viral loads of 10
7
to 10
8
copies of viral RNA per ml of plasma during the primary infection phase. We have established a CCR5-tropic SHIV
MJ4
/rhesus macaque model that may be useful in the studies of HIV-1 subtype C immunology and biology and may also facilitate the evaluation of vaccines to control the spread of HIV-1 subtype C in southern Africa and elsewhere.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology
Cited by
33 articles.
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