In Vitro Comparison of Cefoxitin, Cefamandole, Cephalexin, and Cephalothin

Author:

Eickhoff Theodore C.1,Ehret Josephine M.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80220

Abstract

The in vitro effect of cefoxitin, cefamandole, cephalexin, and cephalothin was tested against 645 strains of bacteria recently isolated from clinical sources. Against gram-positive organisms cephalothin and cefamandole were the most effective, generally being three- to fourfold more active than cephalexin or cefoxitin. Enterococci were not inhibited by less than 25 μg of any of the antibiotics per ml. Against Enterobacteriaceae , cefoxitin and cefamandole were the most active. An exception was the Enterobacter strains, against which cefoxitin was the least effective. None of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were susceptible to 100 μg of any of the cephalosporins per ml. Cefamandole was the most active agent against Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae . It was also the most effective agent against Haemophilus influenzae , even when taking into account a threefold inoculum effect.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology

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2. Cephalosporins;Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases;2015

3. Cephalosporins;Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases;2010

4. C;Hagers Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis;1993

5. Immunochemical Prophylaxis against Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Pseudomonas aeruginosa as an Opportunistic Pathogen;1993

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