Affiliation:
1. Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
2. Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In the present work, simulated cocoa fermentation was investigated at the level of metabolic pathway fluxes (fluxome) of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are typically found in the microbial consortium known to convert nutrients from the cocoa pulp into organic acids. A comprehensive
13
C labeling approach allowed to quantify carbon fluxes during simulated cocoa fermentation by (i) parallel
13
C studies with [
13
C
6
]glucose, [1,2-
13
C
2
]glucose, and [
13
C
6
]fructose, respectively, (ii) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of secreted acetate and lactate, (iii) stoichiometric profiling, and (iv) isotopomer modeling for flux calculation. The study of several strains of
L. fermentum
and
L. plantarum
revealed major differences in their fluxes. The
L. fermentum
strains channeled only a small amount (4 to 6%) of fructose into central metabolism, i.e., the phosphoketolase pathway, whereas only
L. fermentum
NCC 575 used fructose to form mannitol. In contrast,
L. plantarum
strains exhibited a high glycolytic flux. All strains differed in acetate flux, which originated from fractions of citrate (25 to 80%) and corresponding amounts of glucose and fructose. Subsequent, metafluxome studies with consortia of different
L. fermentum
and
L. plantarum
strains indicated a dominant (96%) contribution of
L. fermentum
NCC 575 to the overall flux in the microbial community, a scenario that was not observed for the other strains. This highlights the idea that individual LAB strains vary in their metabolic contribution to the overall fermentation process and opens up new routes toward streamlined starter cultures.
L. fermentum
NCC 575 might be one candidate due to its superior performance in flux activity.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology
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