Thermal behavior of radiated tetra-nanofluid flow with different parameters

Author:

Adnan 1ORCID,Abbas Waseem1ORCID,Mahmood Zafar23ORCID,Khan Sami Ullah4,Mahmoud Emad E.5ORCID,Khan Yasir6ORCID,Nasrat Mohammad Khalid7

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mathematics, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University 1 , Nerian Sharif, 12080 AJ&K, Pakistan

2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University 2 , Mansehra, Pakistan

3. Higher Education Department 3 , AJ&K 13100, Pakistan

4. Department of Mathematics, Namal University 4 , Mianwali 42250, Pakistan

5. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Collage of Science, Taif University 5 , P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia

6. Department of Mathematics, University of Hafr Al Batin 6 , Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia

7. Department of Physics, Laghman University 7 , Mehtarlam 2701, Laghman, Afghanistan

Abstract

This work’s main objective is to investigate the thermal behavior of a tetra-ferrite-based nanofluid model under four physical controls. The tetra-nanofluid contains Fe3O4, CoFe2O4, NiZnFe2O4, and MnZnFe2O4 tetra-nanoparticles over a porous surface using ethylene and water (50%–50%) as the base fluid. The fundamental constitutive models are reduced nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate transformative functions. The resulting set of governing equations are found using the Runge–Kutta algorithm. The impacts of critical quantities on the heat transfer, shear factor, and Nusselt number are illustrated through graphs and numerical data. It is noticed that when the concentration of nanoparticles is from 0.1% to 0.6%, the thermal conductivity varies from 102.661% to 116.706% for nanofluid (NF), 108.893% to 140.384% for hybrid nanofluid, and 117.994% to 195.794% for tetra-nanofluid (Tet.NF), which played a crucial role in the temperature performance of the fluidic system. Furthermore, the velocity depreciated against ϕ1 = 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7%. The Forchheimer effects Fr = 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, Q = 0.1, 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, and Rd = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 enhanced the temperature of all types of NFs, while the stretching parameter S = 0.01, 0.08, 0.15, 0.22 reduced it. The results would benefit the researchers about the prediction of the parametric ranges and nanoparticle concentration to acquire the heat transfer results for practical applications, particularly in applied thermal engineering.

Publisher

AIP Publishing

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