Nanoparticle Food Applications and Their Toxicity: Current Trends and Needs in Risk Assessment Strategies
Author:
de OLIVEIRA MALLIA JEFFERSON12, GALEA RUSSELL2, NAG RAJAT3, CUMMINS ENDA3, GATT RUBEN24, VALDRAMIDIS VASILIS14ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland 2. Metamaterials Unit, Faculty of Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland 3. UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland 4. Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta; and
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology has developed into one of the most groundbreaking scientific fields in the last few decades because it exploits the enhanced reactivity of materials at the atomic scale. The current classification of nanoparticles (NPs) used in foods is outlined in relation to the production and physicochemical characteristics. This review aims to concisely present the most popular and widely used inorganic and organic NPs in food industries. Considering that the toxicity of NPs is often associated with chemical reactivity, a series of in vitro toxicity studies are also summarized, integrating information on the type of NP studies and reported specifications, type of cells used, exposure conditions, and assessed end points. The important role of the digestive system in the absorption and distribution of nanoformulated foods within the body and how this affects the resultant cytotoxicity. Examples of how NPs and their accumulation within different organs are presented in relation to the consumption of specific foods. Finally, the role of developing human health risk assessments to characterize both the potential impact of the hazard and the likelihood or level of human exposure is outlined. Uncertainties exist around risk and exposure assessments of NPs due to limited information on several aspects, including toxicity, behavior, and bioaccumulation. Overall, this review presents current trends and needs for future assessments in toxicity evaluation to ensure the safe application of NPs in the food industry.
HIGHLIGHTS
Publisher
International Association for Food Protection
Subject
Microbiology,Food Science
Reference127 articles.
1. Aguilar,
F.,
Crebelli
R.,
Di Domenico
A.,
Dusemund
B.,
Frutos
M. J.,
Galtier
P.,
Gott
D.,
Gundert-Remy
U.,
Lambré
C.,
Leblanc
J.,
Lindtner
O.,
Moldeus
P.,
Mortensen
A.,
Mosesso
P.,
Oskarsson
A.,
Parent-Massin
D.,
Stankovic
I.,
Waalkens-Berendsen
I.,
Woutersen
R. A.,
Wright
M.,
and
MagedY..
2015.
Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of iron oxides and hydroxides (E 172) as food additives.
EFSA J.
13:
4317. 2. Aguilar,
F.,
Crebelli
R.,
Di Domenico
A.,
Dusemund
B.,
Frutos
M. J.,
Galtier
P.,
Gott
D.,
Gundert-Remy
U.,
Lambré
C.,
Leblanc
J.,
Lindtner
O.,
Moldeus
P.,
Mortensen
A.,
Mosesso
P.,
Oskarsson
A.,
Parent-Massin
D.,
Stankovic
I.,
Waalkens-Berendsen
I.,
Woutersen
R. A.,
Wright
M.,
and
MagedY..
2016.
Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation of gold (E 175) as a food additive.
EFSA J.
14:
4362. 3. Aguilar,
F.,
Crebelli
R.,
Di Domenico
A.,
Dusemund
B.,
Frutos
M. J.,
Galtier
P.,
Gott
D.,
Gundert-Remy
U.,
Lambré
C.,
Leblanc
J.,
Lindtner
O.,
Moldeus
P.,
Mortensen
A.,
Mosesso
P.,
Oskarsson
A.,
Parent-Massin
D.,
Stankovic
I.,
Waalkens-Berendsen
I.,
Woutersen
R. A.,
Wright
M.,
and
MagedY..
2016.
Scientific opinion on the re-evaluation of silver (E 174) as food additive.
EFSA J.
14:
4364. 4. Aguilar,
F.,
Crebelli
R.,
Di Domenico
A.,
Dusemund
B.,
Frutos
M. J.,
Galtier
P.,
Gott
D.,
Gundert-Remy
U.,
Lambré
C.,
Leblanc
J. C.,
Lindtner
O.,
Moldeus
P.,
Mortensen
A.,
Mosesso
P.,
Parent-Massin
D.,
Oskarsson
A.,
Stankovic
I.,
Waalkens-Berendsen
I.,
Woutersen
R. A.,
Wright
M.,
and
YounesM..
2016.
Re-evaluation of titanium dioxide (E 171) as a food additive.
EFSA J.
14:
e04545. 5. Ali,
S. A.,
Rizk
M. Z.,
Hamed
M. A.,
Aboul-Ela
E. I.,
El-Rigal
N. S.,
Aly
H. F.,
and
Abdel-HamidA. Z..
2019.
Assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticles toxicity via oral exposure in mice: effect of dose and particle size.
Biomarkers24:
492–
498.
Cited by
15 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|