1. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education) School of Geographic Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai China
2. Key Laboratory of Spatial‐temporal Big Data Analysis and Application of Natural Resources in Megacities Ministry of Natural Resources Shanghai China
3. Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai China
4. Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary Sciences and Institute at Brown for Environment and Society Brown University Providence RI USA