V. TGF-β signaling pathways

Abstract

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a multifunctional peptide growth factor with a wide range of potential effects on growth, differentiation, extracellular matrix deposition, and the immune response. General TGF-β signaling pathways have been described in detail over the last several years, but factors that determine the nature of the TGF-β response are poorly understood. In particular, signaling pathways that specifically mediate the matrix effects of TGF-β have received little attention, although they will be important therapeutic targets in the treatment of pathological fibrosis. This themes article focuses on TGF-β signaling and highlights potential points for generating matrix-specific responses.