Constraints on Neutrino Natal Kicks from Black-Hole Binary VFTS 243

Author:

Vigna-Gómez Alejandro12ORCID,Willcox Reinhold345ORCID,Tamborra Irene26ORCID,Mandel Ilya45ORCID,Renzo Mathieu78ORCID,Wagg Tom9ORCID,Janka Hans-Thomas1ORCID,Kresse Daniel110ORCID,Bodensteiner Julia11ORCID,Shenar Tomer12ORCID,Tauris Thomas M.13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany

2. Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

3. Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium

4. School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia

5. The ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery—OzGrav, Australia

6. DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 128, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark

7. Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10010, USA

8. Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA

9. Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, DC 98195, USA

10. Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, James-Franck-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany

11. European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, 85748 Garching, Germany

12. The School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel

13. Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

Abstract

The recently reported observation of VFTS 243 is the first example of a massive black-hole binary system with negligible binary interaction following black-hole formation. The black-hole mass (10M) and near-circular orbit (e0.02) of VFTS 243 suggest that the progenitor star experienced complete collapse, with energy-momentum being lost predominantly through neutrinos. VFTS 243 enables us to constrain the natal kick and neutrino-emission asymmetry during black-hole formation. At 68% confidence level, the natal kick velocity (mass decrement) is 10km/s (1.0M), with a full probability distribution that peaks when 0.3M were ejected, presumably in neutrinos, and the black hole experienced a natal kick of 4km/s. The neutrino-emission asymmetry is 4%, with best fit values of 00.2%. Such a small neutrino natal kick accompanying black-hole formation is in agreement with theoretical predictions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

KU Leuven

Villum Fonden

Carlsbergfondet

Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond

Germany’s Excellence Strategy through the Cluster of Excellence ORIGINS

Publisher

American Physical Society (APS)

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