The Nature and Peculiarities of the Internal Displacement of the Population of Ukraine in the Russian-Ukrainian War of 2014-2022

Abstract

The experience of internal displacement of the population in 2014, caused by the Russian occupation of Donbas and the annexation of Crimea, made it possible to shorten the time for the state institute to respond to large-scale internal displacement in 2022. Constructive steps regarding the conceptual, legal and strategic management of internal displacement processes have already been taken and regulated in the period 2014-2021. The article is devoted to the analysis of the situation and problems, substantiation of proposals and recommendations regarding the regulation of the processes of internal displacement of Ukraine in connection with the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2022. A comparison of internal displacement in 2014 and 2022 was made. A feature of internal displacement in 2022 is its scale and mobility, which is determined by the large number of returned internally displaced persons. Along with the systematic loss of human potential and all kinds of resources, there have been significant changes in the socio-psychological state of citizens, in their consciousness and evaluations of their own life and attitude to the country, the reluctance of immigrants to return to the occupied territories has increased, even if they have their own housing there. After February 24, 2022, all thoughts and motives of immigrants from the east of Ukraine became similar and unidirectional – to preserve and save Ukraine, the intensity and urgency of all cheering for personal losses in the region decreased, and the feeling of pride in being Ukrainian increased. During the period 2014-2022, the state policy of support for IDPs acquired the form and content of real assistance. However, even now it is necessary to intensify and systematize work with international donors regarding the deployment of infrastructure projects; creation of a private-state consortium to help IDPs on the basis of public organizations; creation and maintenance of a unified state register of international and national IDP aid projects; organization of recruitment of IDPs to work in local authorities and local self-government bodies; formation of a bank of social initiatives for the inclusion of IDPs in the life of the community, a bank of cases with technologies for the implementation of social projects, creation of social enterprises; creation of Internet sites for dissemination of information about the possibilities and implemented practices of integration of IDPs into territorial communities.