Dynamics of indicators of general physical fitness of qualified arm sportsmen

Abstract

Purpose: article consisted in the study of the dynamics of indicators of general physical fitness among qualified arm sportsmen. Material and methods. Qualified arm wrestlers participating in the arm sports sections in the fitness centers «Tetra», «TRX», «Pheromon» in Kharkov, as well as in the arm sports federation of the Kharkiv region participated in this study. 25 qualified athletes (19-21 years old) of average weight categories (of 70-80 kilograms) who specialize in arm wrestling were involved in the experiment. The study was conducted during the annual macrocycle in a two-year period from 19 to 20 years and 20 to 21 years. Qualified armwrestlers trained according to the classic program developed for the Youth Sports Academy. Results: for absolute values of general physical work capacity of the tested persons, the increase during the whole two-year period was established. However, the value of relative intensity of increase of absolute values of general physical work capacity at the stages of observations is different. Thus, the results of comparison of indicators of a run on 100 m in the period from 19 to 20 years old made (t=1,11; p>0,05), from 20 to 21 years old (t=1,06; p>0,05), for all time of researches the result (t=1,94; p>0,05), low results testify that a run on 100 m is not a specific exercise for armwrestlers. Comparison of results of long jumps from a place: from 19 to 20 years old (t=0,99; p>0,05), from 20 to 21 years old less significant changes (t=0,89; p>0,05), for two years made (t=2,25; p<0,05) that is a reliably better result and testifies that jumping exercises are not specific for armwrestling. In a pull-up on a crossbar from 19 to 20 years old (t=1,35; p>0,05), from 20 to 21 years old (t=0,94; p>0,05), for two years (t=2,33; p<0,05), it is the best indicator and testifies that armwrestlers have well-developed muscles of the upper extremities which in turn influence on correctness of the exercise of pulling up on a crossbar. Comparison of results of bending and extension of hands in a support lying on a floor made from 19 to 20 years old (t=1,00; p>0,05), from 20 to 21 years old more significant changes were received (t=1,92; p>0,05), and for two years the result made (t=2,66; p<0,05) that is a reliably better result. Comparison of results of a lunge on a crossbar, arms bent at an angle of 90 degrees, made from 19 to 20 years old (t=2,02; p>0,05), in the following year from 20 to 21 years old the significant increase in reliability in results (t=2,29; p<0,05) was received. In two years the increase of result was (t=4,75; p<0,001) that is a high reliable result and testifies that static exercises for armwrestling are the main and they need to be improved from year to year. Conclusions. The revealed differences in the intensity of growth of physical development indicators over the two-year observation period reflect unevenness. Even in such a relatively short period of time (two years) there is a noticeable difference in the intensity of growth of most of the studied indicators of physical development. Thus, the results which characterize age dynamics of indicators of the general physical fitness of skilled armwrestlers of 19-21 years old, testify that the greatest rates of growth on all indicators are observed during three years of training, but only from 19 to 21 years old indicators were reliable, however the value of relative intensity of growth of absolute values of the general physical work capacity at stages of observations is different.