From Basic Science to Clinical Practice: The Role of Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A)/p90 in Cancer

Abstract

Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), initially reported as a tumor-associated antigen (known as p90), is highly expressed in most solid and hematological tumors. The interaction of CIP2A/p90, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), and c-Myc can hinder the function of PP2A toward c-Myc S62 induction, thus stabilizing c-Myc protein, which represents a potential role of CIP2A/p90 in tumorigeneses such as cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as cancer drug resistance. The signaling pathways and regulation networks of CIP2A/p90 are complex and not yet fully understood. Many previous studies have also demonstrated that CIP2A/p90 can be used as a potential therapeutic cancer target. In addition, the autoantibody against CIP2A/p90 in sera may be used as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis of certain types of cancer. In this Review, we focus on recent advances relating to CIP2A/p90 and their implications for future research.