Modulation of Postprandial Plasma Concentrations of Digestive Hormones and Gut Microbiota by Foods Containing Oat ß-Glucans in Healthy Volunteers
Author:
Gotteland Martin12ORCID, Zazueta Alejandra3, Pino José Luis1ORCID, Fresard Andrea1, Sambra Verónica1ORCID, Codoceo Juana1, Cires María José1, López Ximena4, Vivanco Juan Pablo56ORCID, Magne Fabien3
Affiliation:
1. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile 2. Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Macul, Santiago 7830489, Chile 3. Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile 4. Consorcio de Cereales Funcionales (CCF), Huechuraba, Santiago 8590871, Chile 5. Granotec Chile S.A., Huechuraba, Santiago 8590871, Chile 6. Department of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile
Abstract
Cereal β-glucans are beneficial health ingredients that reduce cholesterolemia and postprandial glycaemia. However, their impact on digestive hormones and gut microbiota is not yet fully established. Two randomized, double-blind, controlled studies were conducted. In the first study, 14 subjects ingested a breakfast with or without β-glucan from oats (5.2 g). Compared to the control, β-glucan increased orocecal transit time (p = 0.028) and decreased mean appetite score (p = 0.014) and postprandial plasma ghrelin (p = 0.030), C-peptide (p = 0.001), insulin (p = 0.06), and glucose (p = 0.0006). β-glucan increased plasma GIP (p = 0.035) and PP (p = 0.018) without affecting leptin, GLP-1, PYY, glucagon, amylin, or 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one, a biomarker of bile acid synthesis. In the second study, 32 subjects were distributed into 2 groups to ingest daily foods with (3 g/day) or without β-glucan for 3 weeks; stools were collected before/after treatment. No changes in fecal microbiota composition/diversity (deep sequencing) were detected with β-glucans. These results indicate that acute intake of 5 g β-glucan slows transit time and decreases hunger sensation and postprandial glycaemia without affecting bile-acid synthesis, these changes being associated with decreased plasma insulin, C-peptide, and ghrelin, and increased plasma GIP and PP. However, regular daily intake of 3 g β-glucan is not sufficient to have an effect on fecal microbiota composition.
Funder
Innova-Chile (CORFO), Chile ANID, Chile
Subject
Plant Science,Health Professions (miscellaneous),Health (social science),Microbiology,Food Science
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