Advantages of Gamma-Radiometric and Spectrometric Low-Altitude Geophysical Surveys by Unmanned Aerial Systems with Small Scintillation Detectors

Abstract

Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) for airborne gamma-ray surveys in radioecological and geological research are being increasingly used, since they provide radiation safety for personnel and high survey performance. Improvement of detection modules is one of the main directions in which UAS-gamma is developing. Semiconductor detectors are used increasingly as they have a small mass and are convenient for light unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Simultaneously, in our opinion, the potential of traditional scintillation detectors is not exhausted because they are cheaper and more affordable. Radiometric and spectrometric detection modules based on scintillation detectors can even be created at home. The main disadvantage of scintillation detectors is the need for large crystals with significant mass to obtain high data quality. Traditional aerial gamma surveys with operated aircraft systems use scintillation detectors with a volume of tens or hundreds of litres. In this paper, we present the comparison result of radiometric and spectrometric surveys with small volume detectors made at different altitudes and ground surveys. We prove that with properly designed and applied ultralight UAS for aerial gamma spectrometry it is possible to obtain high-quality and informative data.