Processing of Carbon Nanoparticle-Enriched AISI H11 Tool Steel Powder Mixtures in DED-LB/M for the AM of Forging Tools with Tailored Properties (Part II): Influence of Nanoscale Carbon Additives on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
Author:
Hentschel Oliver12, Kohlstruck Jan1, Krakhmalev Pavel3ORCID, Nikas Dimitrios3, Schmidt Michael12ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Institute of Photonic Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, Germany 2. Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Straße 6, 91052 Erlangen, Germany 3. Department of Engineering and Physics, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
Abstract
A promising approach for producing parts with outstanding properties in directed energy deposition (DED-LB/M) provides the application of tailored powder mixtures processed by applying in situ alloying strategies. In this work, DED-LB/M was used to manufacture multilayer specimens from AISI H11 steel powders enriched with carbon nanoparticles (C-np) in concentrations of 0.1 wt.-% and 0.2 wt.-%. The scientific aim was to investigate the impact of C-np on the microstructural (particularly retained austenite content (RA-c) and grain size) and mechanical properties (specifically hardness and compression yield strength) of the manufactured specimens. It was shown that the addition of C-np to the H11 powder leads to a stronger distortion of martensite as well as significantly enhancing the RA-c. Furthermore, the C-np seem to favor the formation of finer martensite, as can be verified with XRD and EBSD. Under as-built conditions, the mean hardness increases from 653 ± 10 HV1 for the H11 sample to 770 ± 14 HV1 for the sample reinforced with 0.2 wt.-% C-np. At the same time, Y0.2% rises up from 1839 ± 61 MPa to 2134 ± 68 MPa. The hardness- and strength-increasing effect of the added C-np is retained even after heat treatment, similarly to the industrial standard.
Funder
School of Advanced Optical Technology (SAOT) of the University Erlangen-Nürnberg
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