Fabrication and Characterization of Ti/TiC Composite Layers by an Electron-Beam Surface Modification
Author:
Valkov Stefan12ORCID, Nedeva Daniela2ORCID, Dunchev Vladimir3, Padikova Fatme12, Ormanova Maria1, Stoyanov Borislav4ORCID, Nedyalkov Nikolay1
Affiliation:
1. Academician Emil Djakov Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chausse Blvd, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria 2. Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Technical University of Gabrovo, 4 Hadji Dimitar Street, 5300 Gabrovo, Bulgaria 3. Department of Material Science and Mechanics of Materials, Technical University of Gabrovo, 4 Hadji Dimitar Street, 5300 Gabrovo, Bulgaria 4. Department of Industrial Design and Textile Engineering, Technical University of Gabrovo, 4 Hadji Dimitar Street, 5300 Gabrovo, Bulgaria
Abstract
In this study, the possibilities for modification and improvement of the surface structure and properties of titanium substrates by a formation of composite Ti/TiC layers are presented. The layers were fabricated by a two-step electron-beam surface modification technique. The first step consists of injection of C powder within the pure Ti substrates by electron-beam alloying technology. The second step is the refinement and homogenization of the microstructure by the electron-beam remelting procedure. During the remelting, the speed of the motion of the samples was varied, and two (most representative) velocities were chosen: 5 and 15 mm/s. Considering both speeds of the motion of the specimens, a composite structure in the form of fine TiC particles distributed within the base titanium matrix was formed. The remelting speed of 5 mm/s led to the formation of a much thicker composite layer, where the TiC particles were significantly more homogeneously distributed. The results obtained for the Vickers microhardness exhibit a significant increase in the value in the mentioned mechanical characteristic in comparison with the base Ti substrate. In the case of the lower speed of the motion of the specimen during the remelting procedure, the microhardness is 510 HV, or about 2.5 times higher than that of the titanium substrate. The application of a higher speed of the specimen motion leads to a decrease in the microhardness in comparison with the case of lower velocity. However, it is still much higher than that of the base Ti material. The mean microhardness of the sample obtained by the remelting speed of motion of 15 mm/s is 360 HV, or it is 1.8 times higher than that of the base material.
Funder
OP “Science and Education for Smart Growth”, “Creation and development of centres of competence”
Subject
Materials Chemistry,Surfaces, Coatings and Films,Surfaces and Interfaces
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