Natural Frequency Analysis of Monopile Supported Offshore Wind Turbines Using Unified Beam-Column Element Model

Abstract

Assessment of the natural frequency of the offshore wind turbine (OWT) system is a critical task in design to avoid resonance. The natural frequency of the monopile supported OWT may change during operation and needs to be calculated regularly. Conventional numerical methods separately model different components of the OWT system using various element types, which require tedious data manipulations and are inefficient to assess the changing natural frequency of the monopile supported OWTs. This paper develops a unified beam-column element by directly integrating the soil-pile interactions in element formulation. The proposed method is applicable for different components of the OWT system, including the rotor, the tower, the transition piece, and the monopile foundation, which enables an integrated and efficient OWT analysis by using only one type of element. The pile-soil interactions are directly considered in the element formulation. The tedious soil spring elements are avoided. Definitions and formulations of the proposed element are provided and the numerical solution procedure for the natural frequency analysis of OWTs is illustrated. The accuracy of the proposed element is validated against several closed-form solutions and the distributed spring model. The proposed method is also applied to analyze the natural frequencies of six OWTs in practice. The calculated results are consistent with the field measured data.