Validation of a Novel Potentiometric Method Based on a Polymeric PVC Membrane Sensor Integrated with Tailored Receptors for the Antileukemia Drug Cytarabine

Abstract

A simple, rapid and easy method is proposed for the detection of a cytostatic therapeutic drug, cytarabine, in real samples. The method is based on potentiometric transduction using prepared and characterized new ion-selective electrodes for cytarabine. The electrodes were integrated with novel man-tailored imprinted polymers and used as a sensory element for recognition. The electrodes revealed a remarkable potentiometric response for cytarabine over the linearity range 1.0 × 10−6–1.0 × 10−3 M at pH 2.8–4 with a detection limit of 5.5 × 10−7 M. The potentiometric response was near-Nernstian, with average slopes of 52.3 ± 1.2 mV/decade. The effect of lipophilic salts and plasticizer types on the potentiometric response was also examined. The electrodes exhibited an enhanced selectivity towards cytarabine over various foreign common ions. Validation and verification of the presented assay method are demonstrated by evaluating the method ruggedness and calculating the detection limit, range of linearity, accuracy (trueness), precision, repeatability (within-day) and reproducibility (between-days). The proposed ion-selective electrodes revealed good performance characteristics and possible application of these electrodes for cytarabine monitoring in different matrices. The electrodes are successfully applied to cytarabine determination in spiked biological fluid samples and in pharmaceutical formulations.