Production of Probiotic Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) Drink Using Lactobacillus reuteri and Microencapsulation via Spray Drying

Abstract

Probiotic foods offer many benefits to human health, causing increased interest in the development of new food products that exploit such benefits. However, traditional dairy foods are being replaced by other non-dairy foods to provide additional sources of benefits provided by bioactive molecules. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to study the production process of a probiotic fruit drink and then microencapsulate the probiotic pulp to stabilize the drink further. Passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) was fermented with Lactobacillus reuteri under different temperature conditions in combination with different pHs to find the best fermentation conditions. Different from dairy sources, the optimal conditions for the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri in the passion fruit pulp were found to be 30 °C at pH 3.18, where phenolic compounds could also be used as a secondary metabolic pathway. Spray-drying was performed using different conditions for microencapsulation. Process yields and Lactobacillus reuteri survival showed the dependency of droplet sizes, whereas phenolic compound retention was increased when higher amounts of gelatin were used. Therefore, the development of a new food product comprising a powdered fruit pulp rich in probiotic and phenolic compounds was possible.