1. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State Univ., 208 Mann Hall, 2501 Stinson Dr., Raleigh, NC 27695 (corresponding author).
2. Associate Adjunct Professor, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA, and Research Director, Lean Construction Institute.
3. Professor of Construction Management, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, and President, The Ibbs Consulting Group, Inc.