Affiliation:
1. School of Mechanical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
2. Department of Chemical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad Allahabad, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh 211004 India
3. Department of Chemical Engineering & Food Technology NIMS University Jaipur 303121 India
4. Department of Chemistry Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad Allahabad, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh 211004 India
5. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen 40 Thorvaldsensvej Frederiksberg C DK‐1871 Denmark
Abstract
AbstractRapid industrialization and profligate use of resources in the present era has led to increase in the concentration of toxic heavy metal ions in water bodies and has become a serious environmental concern. Starch hydrogels and aerogels with engineered functionality, porosity, regeneration characteristics, and high surface to volume ratio have rendered them potential candidates for the adsorption of heavy metal ions from wastewater streams. However, grafting, crosslinking, and composting of the starch aerogels and hydrogels to tailor them in response to various stimuli such as ionic strength, pH, and temperature has added an advantage in the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metal ions. This review critically analyses the various synthesis routes for the production of starch‐based aerogels and hydrogels with physico‐chemical characteristics (amylose content, gelatinization temperature, surface area, density, and porosity) and their applicability to adsorb heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Co, Ni, Cr, Pb, Zn, Fe, and Co) ions from wastewater. Future prospects in the development of economical and robust starch‐based aerogels and hydrogels in terms of their stability and reusability have also been discussed.
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1 articles.
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