Nanodiamond‐Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Author:

Lazovic Jelena1ORCID,Goering Eberhard2,Wild Anna‐Maria1,Schützendübe Peter3,Shiva Anitha4,Löffler Jessica5,Winter Gordon5,Sitti Metin67ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Medical Systems Central Scientific Facility Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569 Stuttgart Germany

2. Solid State Spectroscopy Department Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research 70569 Stuttgart Germany

3. Modern Magnetic Systems Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569 Stuttgart Germany

4. Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569 Stuttgart Germany

5. Department of Nuclear Medicine Ulm University Medical Center 89081 Ulm Germany

6. College of Engineering and School of Medicine Koç University Istanbul 34450 Turkey

7. Institute for Biomedical Engineering ETH Zurich Zurich 8092 Switzerland

Abstract

AbstractNanodiamonds (ND) hold great potential for diverse applications due to their biocompatibility, non‐toxicity, and versatile functionalization. Direct visualization of ND by means of non‐invasive imaging techniques will open new venues for labeling and tracking, offering unprecedented and unambiguous detection of labeled cells or nanodiamond‐based drug carrier systems. The structural defects in diamonds, such as vacancies, can have paramagnetic properties and potentially act as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The smallest nanoscale diamond particles, detonation ND, are reported to effectively reduce longitudinal relaxation time T1 and provide signal enhancement in MRI. Using in vivo, chicken embryos, direct visualization of ND is demonstrated as a bright signal with high contrast to noise ratio. At 24 h following intravascular application marked signal enhancement is noticed in the liver and the kidneys, suggesting uptake by the phagocytic cells of the reticuloendothelial system (RES), and in vivo labeling of these cells. This is confirmed by visualization of nanodiamond‐labeled macrophages as positive (bright) signal, in vitro. Macrophage cell labeling is not associated with significant increase in pro‐inflammatory cytokines or marked cytotoxicity. These results indicate nanodiamond as a novel gadolinium‐free contrast‐enhancing agent with potential for cell labeling and tracking and over periods of time.

Funder

Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science

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