Technical Workflow Development for Integrating Drone Surveys and Entomological Sampling to Characterise Aquatic Larval Habitats of Anopheles funestus in Agricultural Landscapes in Côte d’Ivoire

Author:

Byrne Isabel1ORCID,Chan Kallista12ORCID,Manrique Edgar34ORCID,Lines Jo12ORCID,Wolie Rosine Z.56ORCID,Trujillano Fedra7ORCID,Garay Gabriel Jimenez7ORCID,Del Prado Cortez Miguel Nunez8ORCID,Alatrista-Salas Hugo9ORCID,Sternberg Eleanore10ORCID,Cook Jackie11ORCID,N’Guessan Raphael15,Koffi Alphonsine5ORCID,Ahoua Alou Ludovic P5ORCID,Apollinaire Nombre12ORCID,Messenger Louisa A.1ORCID,Kristan Mojca1ORCID,Carrasco-Escobar Gabriel313ORCID,Fornace Kimberly1214ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK

2. Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK

3. Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

4. Laboratorio ICEMR-Amazonia, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

5. Institut Pierre Richet, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire

6. Laboratoire de génétique, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

7. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru

8. Universidad de Ingenieria y Tecnología, Lima, Peru

9. Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Perú, Lima, Peru

10. Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK

11. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK

12. University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

13. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

14. Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

Abstract

Land-use practices such as agriculture can impact mosquito vector breeding ecology, resulting in changes in disease transmission. The typical breeding habitats of Africa’s second most important malaria vector Anopheles funestus are large, semipermanent water bodies, which make them potential candidates for targeted larval source management. This is a technical workflow for the integration of drone surveys and mosquito larval sampling, designed for a case study aiming to characterise An. funestus breeding sites near two villages in an agricultural setting in Côte d’Ivoire. Using satellite remote sensing data, we developed an environmentally and spatially representative sampling frame and conducted paired mosquito larvae and drone mapping surveys from June to August 2021. To categorise the drone imagery, we also developed a land cover classification scheme with classes relative to An. funestus breeding ecology. We sampled 189 potential breeding habitats, of which 119 (63%) were positive for the Anopheles genus and nine (4.8%) were positive for An. funestus. We mapped 30.42 km2 of the region of interest including all water bodies which were sampled for larvae. These data can be used to inform targeted vector control efforts, although its generalisability over a large region is limited by the fine-scale nature of this study area. This paper develops protocols for integrating drone surveys and statistically rigorous entomological sampling, which can be adjusted to collect data on vector breeding habitats in other ecological contexts. Further research using data collected in this study can enable the development of deep-learning algorithms for identifying An. funestus breeding habitats across rural agricultural landscapes in Côte d’Ivoire and the analysis of risk factors for these sites.

Funder

Institut Pierre Richet

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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