1. Howitt K. Design guide for the calculation of stresses in axles driven by axle hung traction motors. Railfreight Distribution Ltd. Technical Specification BASS 503, November 1996.
2. Howitt K. Design guide for the calculation of stresses in non-driving axles. Railfreight Distribution Ltd. Technical Specification BASS 504, November 1996.
3. Hodgson PJ. Design guide for the calculation of stresses in axles with inboard journals. British Railways Board Code of Practice TM/TC0001, August 1990.
4. Railway applications – Wheelset and bogies – Powered axles – Design method. British Standard BS EN 13103, 2001.
5. Railway applications – Wheelset and bogies – Non-powered axles – Design method. British Standard BS EN 13104, 2001.