Hongos micorrícicos arbusculares y <em>Trichoderma</em> en <em>Capsicum annuum</em> disminuyen el daño inducido por <em>Meloidogyne incognita</em>

Abstract

Consortia of native species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma (TRI) strains were evaluated in a greenhouse to control the sedentary endoparasitic nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) on Capsicum annuum. Plants inoculated with AMF and TRI consortia were inoculated with Mi, and eight treatments were evaluated: i) AMF, ii) TRI, iii) AMF+ TRI, iv) AMF + Mi, v) TRI + Mi, vi) AMF + TRI + Mi, vii) Oxamil nematicide + Mi and viii) Control, with 15 replicates arranged in a completely randomized experimental design. After 166 days, the AMF + Mi treatment resulted in the lowest galling index (53%). The lowest number of eggs was obtained with TRI + Mi and AMF +TRI + Mi with reductions of 68 and 55% with respect to control, and 54 and 37% to Oxamil + Mi. Reduction of females was achieved with treatments AMF + Mi in 11%, TRI + Mi in 42% and AMF + TRI in 61% with respect to control. Treatments without Mi inoculation presented healthy roots and a higher average of agronomic variables. The AMF + Mi, AMF + TRI + Mi treatments, which included nematode inoculation, promoted greater plant growth, with effects equal to those obtained with Oxamil + Mi. The consortia promoted plant growth and exerted antagonistic control effects against M. incognita greater than the nematicide.