Rosetta’s comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko sheds its dusty mantle to reveal its icy nature-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Rosetta’s comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko sheds its dusty mantle to reveal its icy nature

Published:2016-12-23 Issue:6319 Volume:354 Page:1566-1570
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Fornasier S.¹,Mottola S.²,Keller H. U.²³,Barucci M. A.¹,Davidsson B.⁴,Feller C.¹,Deshapriya J. D. P.¹,Sierks H.⁵,Barbieri C.⁶,Lamy P. L.⁷,Rodrigo R.⁸⁹,Koschny D.¹⁰,Rickman H.¹¹¹²,A’Hearn M.¹³,Agarwal J.⁵,Bertaux J.-L.¹⁴,Bertini I.⁶,Besse S.¹⁵,Cremonese G.¹⁶,Da Deppo V.¹⁷,Debei S.¹⁸,De Cecco M.¹⁹,Deller J.⁵,El-Maarry M. R.²⁰,Fulle M.²¹,Groussin O.²²,Gutierrez P. J.⁸,Güttler C.⁵,Hofmann M.⁵,Hviid S. F.²,Ip W.-H.²³²⁴,Jorda L.²²,Knollenberg J.²,Kovacs G.⁵²⁵,Kramm R.⁵,Kührt E.²,Küppers M.¹⁵,Lara M. L.⁸,Lazzarin M.⁶,Moreno J. J. Lopez⁸,Marzari F.⁶,Massironi M.²⁶²⁷,Naletto G.¹⁷²⁷²⁸,Oklay N.⁵,Pajola M.²⁷²⁹,Pommerol A.²⁰,Preusker F.²,Scholten F.²,Shi X.⁵,Thomas N.²⁰,Toth I.³⁰,Tubiana C.⁵,Vincent J.-B.⁵

Affiliation:

1. Laboratoire d’Etudes Spatiales et d’Instrumentation en Astrophysique (LESIA), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UPMC Université Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, 5 Place J. Janssen, Meudon Principal Cedex 92195, France.

2. Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, Asteroiden und Kometen, Rutherfordstraﬂe 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.

3. Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstrasse 3, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.

4. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, M/S 183-301, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.

5. Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg, 3, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.

6. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 3, 35122 Padova, Italy.

7. Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, UMR 7326 CNRS and Université Aix-Marseille, 38 Rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie, 13388 Marseille Cedex 13, France.

8. Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (CSIC), c/ Glorieta de la Astronomia s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain.

9. International Space Science Institute, Hallerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.

10. Scientific Support Office, European Space Research and Technology Centre/ESA, Keplerlaan 1, Postbus 299, 2201 AZ Noordwijk ZH, Netherlands.

11. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

12. Polish Academy of Sciences, Space Research Center, Bartycka 18A, 00716 Warszawa, Poland.

13. Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA.

14. Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS) CNRS/UVSQ/IPSL, 11 Boulevard d’Alembert, 78280, Guyancourt, France.

15. Operations Department, European Space Astronomy Centre/ESA, P.O. Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Canada, Madrid, Spain.

16. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy.

17. CNR-IFN UOS Padova LUXOR, Via Trasea, 7, 35131 Padova, Italy.

18. Department of Mechanical Engineering – University of Padova, via Venezia 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.

19. University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38100 Trento, Italy.

20. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.

21. INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico, Via Tiepolo 11, 34014 Trieste, Italy.

22. Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille), UMR 7326, 38 Rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie, 13388 Marseille Cedex 13, France.

23. Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, 300 Chung-Da Rd, Chung-Li 32054 Taiwan.

24. Space Science Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.

25. Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.

26. Dipartimento di Geoscienze, University of Padova, Via G. Gradenigo 6, 35131 Padova, Italy.

27. Center of Studies and Activities for Space (CISAS), G. Colombo, University of Padova, Via Venezia 15, 35131 Padova, Italy.

28. University of Padova, Department of Information Engineering, Via Gradenigo 6/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.

29. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.

30. MTA CSFK Konkoly Observatory, Konkoly Thege M. ut 15-17, H1121 Budapest, Hungary.

Abstract

Rosetta observes sublimating surface ices Comets are “dirty snowballs” made of ice and dust, but they are dark because the ice sublimates away, leaving some of the dust behind on the surface. The Rosetta spacecraft has provided a close-up view of the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as it passes through its closest point to the Sun (see the Perspective by Dello Russo). Filacchione et al. detected the spectral signature of solid CO 2 (dry ice) in small patches on the surface of the nucleus as they emerged from local winter. By modeling how the CO 2 sublimates, they constrain the composition of comets and how ices generate the gaseous coma and tail. Fornasier et al. studied images of the comet and discovered bright patches on the surface where ice was exposed, which disappeared as the ice sublimated. They also saw frost emerging from receding shadows. The surface of the comet was noticeably less red just after local dawn, indicating that icy material is removed by sunlight during the local day. Science , this issue p. 1563 , p. 1566 ; see also p. 1536

Funder

DLR

CNES

ASI

MEC

SNSB

ESA

Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen

Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan

Macau University of Science and Technology

Publisher