Experimental observation of the liquid-liquid transition in bulk supercooled water under pressure

Author:

Kim Kyung Hwan12ORCID,Amann-Winkel Katrin1ORCID,Giovambattista Nicolas34ORCID,Späh Alexander1ORCID,Perakis Fivos1ORCID,Pathak Harshad1ORCID,Parada Marjorie Ladd1ORCID,Yang Cheolhee2ORCID,Mariedahl Daniel1ORCID,Eklund Tobias1ORCID,Lane Thomas. J.56ORCID,You Seonju2ORCID,Jeong Sangmin2ORCID,Weston Matthew1ORCID,Lee Jae Hyuk7ORCID,Eom Intae7ORCID,Kim Minseok7ORCID,Park Jaeku7ORCID,Chun Sae Hwan7ORCID,Poole Peter H.8ORCID,Nilsson Anders1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

2. Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.

3. Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA.

4. Ph.D. Programs in Chemistry and Physics, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA.

5. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.

6. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.

7. Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.

8. Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada.

Abstract

Liquid-liquid transitions under pressure Theoretical simulations suggest that deeply supercooled water undergoes a transition between high- and low-density forms, but this transition is difficult to study experimentally because it occurs under conditions in which ice crystallization is extremely rapid. Kim et al. combined x-ray lasers for rapid structure determination with infrared femtosecond pulses for rapid heating of amorphous ice layers formed at about 200 kelvin. The heating process created high-density liquid water at increased pressures. As the layer expanded and decompressed, low-density liquid domains appeared and grew on time scales between 20 nanoseconds and 3 microseconds, which was much faster than competing ice crystallization. Science , this issue p. 978

Funder

U.S. Department of Energy

Ragnar Soderbergs stiftelse

H2020 European Research Council

Swedish Research Council Formas

National Research Foundation of Korea

Natural Sciences and Engineering and Research Council

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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