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Optimizing Distributed Practice

Published:2009-01 Issue:4 Volume:56 Page:236-246
ISSN:1618-3169
Container-title:Experimental Psychology
language:en
Short-container-title:Experimental Psychology

Author:

Cepeda Nicholas J.¹²,Coburn Noriko²,Rohrer Doug³,Wixted John T.²,Mozer Michael C.⁴,Pashler Harold²

Affiliation:

1. York University, Toronto, ON, Canada

2. University of California, San Diego, CA

3. University of South Florida, FL

4. University of Colorado, Boulder, CO

Abstract

More than a century of research shows that increasing the gap between study episodes using the same material can enhance retention, yet little is known about how this so-called distributed practice effect unfolds over nontrivial periods. In two three-session laboratory studies, we examined the effects of gap on retention of foreign vocabulary, facts, and names of visual objects, with test delays up to 6 months. An optimal gap improved final recall by up to 150%. Both studies demonstrated nonmonotonic gap effects: Increases in gap caused test accuracy to initially sharply increase and then gradually decline. These results provide new constraints on theories of spacing and confirm the importance of cumulative reviews to promote retention over meaningful time periods.

Publisher

Hogrefe Publishing Group

Subject

General Psychology,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous),Experimental and Cognitive Psychology,General Medicine

Link

https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/pdf/10.1027/1618-3169.56.4.236

Reference61 articles.

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