A Systematic Review to Introduce the Most Effective Postbiotic Derived from Probiotics for Aflatoxin Detoxifications

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Aflatoxins are one of the most dangerous mycotoxins that have created challenges in the field of food safety. Different chemical, biological, and physical techniques were studied to detoxify aflatoxins in vegetable and animal foods. Among the biological methods is microbial detoxification. Some microorganisms, especially probiotic bacteria, play a key role in reduction of aflatoxin. Simultaneously with the remarkable progress in this field, the researchers got acquainted with the new concept of postbiotics, which explains to some extent the exact mechanism of detoxification of probiotics. The purpose of this study is to find the aflatoxin removal percentage by postbiotics and to find the most effective postbiotic. Materials and Methods: In this review article, studies that tested the effect of probiotics-derived postbiotics on aflatoxin detoxification in vitro were collected from databases. All the articles related to experimental studies were included in the study and the articles without full text or were not consistent with our study were excluded from the study. Results: It seems that out of all the postbiotics under investigation, the postbiotic derived from Lactobacillus kefiri, Lactobacillus kefiri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae probiotic bacteria is the most effective postbiotic with 97.22%, 95.27%, 86.2%, 81.4%, and 100% inhibitory effect against Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2, and M1. Conclusion(s): Therefore, postbiotics derived from probiotic bacteria can be used as a safe anti-aflatoxin agent in a wide range of food products to control toxins and promote health.