1. Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
2. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
3. Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network and Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
4. Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
5. Service de médecine intensive-réanimation, Hôpital de Bicêtre, DMU CORREVE, FHU SEPSIS, Groupe de recherche clinique CARMAS, Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France;
6. Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm U1018, Equipe d’Epidémiologie respiratoire intégrative, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, Villejuif, France;
7. Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada;
8. Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France;
9. INSERM CIC 1402, Groupe ALIVE, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France;
10. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece;
11. Department of Translational Medicine, Intensive Care Unit, University of Ferrara, Azienda-Ospedaliera Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy;
12. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany;
13. College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan;
14. Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza-Urgenza, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia; and
15. Adult Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland