1. Department of Medicine,
2. Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education,
3. Department of Medicine, Highland Hospital, Oakland, California;
4. Department of Surgery, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; and
5. Department of Psychiatry,
6. Cardiovascular Research Institute, and
7. Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;
8. Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado