1. 1Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
2. 2Global Science, Nature Conservancy and Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
3. 3Departments of Anesthesiology and Surgery (Cardiothoracic), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
4. 4Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
5. 5Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
6. 6Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
7. 7Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
8. 8Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
9. 9Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.