The effect of Andong (Cordyline terminalis) leave, one of the traditional plants in Bali as antioxidant and antibacterial

Abstract

Abstract Climate change can have a direct effect (e.g. changes in air temperature, increased ultraviolet radiation, and pollution) and indirect effect (such as increased incidence infectious diseases). Infectious diseases are the main cause of high human mortality, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Andong plant (Cordyline terminalis) is one of Bali’s local plants, which is widely used as a drug for infections due to microbes resulting from climate change. This study aimed to observe the effect of Andong leaf extract as an antioxidant and antibacterial and to identify the compounds. This research design was carried out with sample preparation including cleaning, cutting, drying, grinding and sifting to powder. Extraction was done by maceration method. Phytochemical tests were then performed with color reagents. Antioxidant test was carried out using diphenyl picryl hydrazil hydrate (DPPH) method and antibacterial activity was determined by well diffusion method. Measurement of antioxidant compounds’ levels was determined spectrophotometrically and analysis of antioxidant compounds was carried out by the LC-MS/MS method. The result showed that the Andong leaf extract contained saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, phytosterols, amino acids and alkaloids. In the testing of antioxidant compounds, Andong leaf extract contained tannins was 3324.550±0.821 mg/100 g TAE, phenol was 1398.905±0.812 mg/100 g GAE and flavonoids was 1373.065±1.288 mg/100 g QE. Andong leaf extract reduced free radicals from DPPH with IC50 88.26±0.015 ppm and inhibited the three bacterial test results with significant differences compared to controls (p <0.05).