1. a Yokohama City Univ. , Yokohama, 2360027, Japan
2. b RITE , Kizu, Kyoto, 6190292, Japan
3. c Matsushita Elec. Co. , Seikacho, Kyoto, 6190237, Japan
4. d Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering , Penn State Univ. , Univ. Park, PA, 16802, USA
5. e Dept. of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science , Duke Univ. , NC, 277080300, USA