1. Graduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
2. Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
3. Department of Library and Information Science, Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
4. Department of Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
5. Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR